Melanin - the pigmentation culprit
Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of the skin caused by the overproduction of melanin. Melanin is produced in the dermis by melanocytes and is the pigment responsible for our skin, hairs and eyes color. Originally melanin protects us from the harmful UV rays which cause skin cancer but overproduction of melanin can lead to the formation of generalized or localized spots on the face and the body. Multiple factors are involved in the overproduction of melanin but mostly it is associated with either sun damage or ageing process. It does not mean that hyperpigmentation will only effect people who are above 30s, it can affect people of every age and ethnicity. Most forms of hyperpigmentation are harmless, but the person suffering from it experiences a decrease in self-confidence because the spots are more of a cosmetic nuisance. Following are the types of pigmentation and how can we treat them:
